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- ...operated for long periods, which is a handicap when trying to investigate climate change over the last century. The ocean areas around the Antarctic have been investigated far less than the continent itself. Here we are reli3 KB (501 words) - 16:48, 6 August 2014
- Determining how the environment of the Antarctic will evolve over the next century presents many challenges, yet it is a que ...</ref>) gave a wide range of projections for some aspects of the Antarctic climate system. In the case of sea ice extent that was not entirely surprising, sin5 KB (788 words) - 16:49, 6 August 2014
- ...obal sea level, and the changing distribution of sea ice and its effect on climate are then described. ...ges of the Holocene that are being used to inform our understanding of the climate and biological changes that might be anticipated in the near future (Chapte17 KB (2,554 words) - 16:45, 6 August 2014
- ...as changed from Deep Time until the present day. It also considers how the Antarctic environment may change over the next century in a world where greenhouse ga ...tee on Antarctic Research ([http://www.scar.org/ SCAR]) known as Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE), which is described in [[About ACCE]]. Th4 KB (504 words) - 17:51, 21 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Regional patterns of holocene climate change in Antarctica]]'' ...nsula.png|thumb|'''3.26''' Selected Holocene environmental changes – Antarctic Peninsula]]32 KB (5,127 words) - 17:41, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[The Antarctic environment in the global system]]'' In the summer, when the sun is above the horizon for long periods, the Antarctic receives more solar radiation than the tropics, but the highly reflective i12 KB (1,933 words) - 16:38, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[The Antarctic environment in the global system]]'' ...shelves and land ice with the ocean and atmosphere make predictions about climate change a challenge.31 KB (4,808 words) - 16:51, 22 August 2014
Page text matches
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...t in the McMurdo Sound area (74-78ºS, 165ºE), and throughout the Antarctic Peninsula and its offshore islands (55-72ºS, 45-70ºW).3 KB (468 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...ified additional contribution from a dynamic response of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to global warming. The inset shows the 2001 projection compared16 KB (2,491 words) - 13:16, 22 August 2014
- ...operated for long periods, which is a handicap when trying to investigate climate change over the last century. The ocean areas around the Antarctic have been investigated far less than the continent itself. Here we are reli3 KB (501 words) - 16:48, 6 August 2014
- Determining how the environment of the Antarctic will evolve over the next century presents many challenges, yet it is a que ...</ref>) gave a wide range of projections for some aspects of the Antarctic climate system. In the case of sea ice extent that was not entirely surprising, sin5 KB (788 words) - 16:49, 6 August 2014
- ...obal sea level, and the changing distribution of sea ice and its effect on climate are then described. ...ges of the Holocene that are being used to inform our understanding of the climate and biological changes that might be anticipated in the near future (Chapte17 KB (2,554 words) - 16:45, 6 August 2014
- ...as changed from Deep Time until the present day. It also considers how the Antarctic environment may change over the next century in a world where greenhouse ga ...tee on Antarctic Research ([http://www.scar.org/ SCAR]) known as Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE), which is described in [[About ACCE]]. Th4 KB (504 words) - 17:51, 21 August 2014
- ...l changes at the LGM from ice-dynamic reconstructions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets during the glacial cycles, ''Quaternary Science Reviews'', '''21 ...lative sea level curves for the South Shetland Islands and Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula, ''Quaternary Science Reviews'', '''24''', 1203-1216.</ref>).21 KB (3,294 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' This section considers the variability and trend in Antarctic sea ice area and extent over the last century. This time splits into two ve22 KB (3,536 words) - 13:25, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' [[Category:The Antarctic atmosphere]]410 B (55 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ==Antarctic stratospheric ozone over the next 100 years== ...y cannot be used for predictions of the future. Instead, coupled Chemistry-Climate Models are used. Those whose results are described below vary in their skil27 KB (4,305 words) - 16:22, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' ==Antarctic stratospheric ozone in the instrumental period==43 KB (6,788 words) - 17:07, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' ...08. Here the SAM is in its positive phase with negative anomalies over the Antarctic and positive anomalies over the Southern Ocean.]]54 KB (8,177 words) - 13:38, 22 August 2014
- ...spects of importance include the role of circulation in the warming of the Antarctic Peninsula, the distribution of sea ice, and the seasonal to interannual var ...se changes in circulation have been demonstrated in station-based data and climate model realizations of the Twentieth and Twenty First Centuries.29 KB (4,462 words) - 17:11, 22 August 2014
- ...sheet to a particular causal event or events such as recent/anthropogenic climate change. The inescapable fact is that ice sheet behaviour manifests itself a ...l, W., Rivera, A. and Thomas, R. 2004a. Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf, Geophys. Res. Let.,13 KB (1,943 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...dquo; structuring communities of the sublittoral Antarctic macrobenthos, ''Antarctic Sci.'', '''12''' (3), 297-313.</ref>) to others with possibly the lowest co8 KB (1,225 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ..., Hoegh-Guldberg, O. and Bairlein, F. 2002. Ecological responses to recent climate change, ''Nature'', '''416''', 389-395.</ref>). Focussing on individual phy ...Réale, D., McAdam, A.G. and Boutin, S. 2004. Keeping pace with fast climate change: can Arctic life count on evolution? Integrative Comp Biol., 44, 14016 KB (2,488 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...gests that long-term survival of these organisms under conditions of rapid climate change may be compromised.4 KB (557 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment history in the pre-instrumental period]]'' ...climate and biological changes that might be anticipated over [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years|the next 100 years]].3 KB (503 words) - 13:42, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[The Antarctic environment in the global system]]'' ...squo;s extreme environments without also addressing the impacts of current climate changes on organisms whose adaptations to climatic conditions have slowly e9 KB (1,315 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' Permafrost temperatures and active layer depth are sensitive indicators of climate because they integrate different climatic factors (i.e. air temperature, se6 KB (847 words) - 16:11, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' ==General spatial and temporal characteristics of Antarctic snowfall==20 KB (3,125 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...climate change it will be essential to use proxy records to represent how Antarctic sea ice has changed in the past. ...., Denis, D., Courty, M-A. and Ther, O. 2007 Holocene long- and short-term climate changes off Adelie Land, ''East Antarctica. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosyst24 KB (3,785 words) - 17:17, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...be composed of a superposition of the continuing gradual response to past climate change and the more rapid responses to present and future changes.26 KB (4,124 words) - 14:04, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment history in the pre-instrumental period]]'' ...raphical coverage of high resolution records and a better understanding of climate dynamics.7 KB (1,082 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...t places different parts in markedly different positions within the global climate system and subjects them to different environmental drivers. ...response on a centennial or millennial time scale to much older changes in climate.3 KB (475 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...ictions of future climate changes can only be made by using coupled global climate models (GCMs). These are also primary tools with which to simulate the past13 KB (2,051 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment history in the pre-instrumental period]]'' ...ar regions. Palaeorecords show that profound changes in earth’s past climate have followed well-defined patterns and shifts on time scales of thousands1 KB (165 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...nsula Climate Variability: Historical and Paleoenvironmental Perspectives, Antarctic Research Series, 79. American Geophysical Union.</ref>). ...ton, G.H., Prentice, M.L. and Burckle, L.H. 1991. Cainozoic history of the Antarctic ice sheet. In: Tingey (ed) Geology of Antarctica. Oxford University Press,22 KB (3,430 words) - 13:03, 22 August 2014
- ...the Global Climate System from 2005 to 2008. He is the co-author of ‘Antarctic Meteorology and Climatology’ and ‘Polar Lows: Mesoscale Weather ...ew articles and is often quoted commenting on glaciological impacts of the climate on the world's ice sheets and glaciers.7 KB (1,089 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...slands, 1976-1987: implications for Southerrn Ocean monitoring studies. In Antarctic Ocean resources variability (ed. D Sahrhage), 261-285. Berlin, Germany: Spr ...s in SST and winter sea ice extent affect the recruitment and dispersal of Antarctic krill. Delayed effects of sea ice conditions on abundance relate to the pro15 KB (2,381 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...ignificant problem for researchers in many areas of Antarctic science. The Antarctic continent is large and there are logistical difficulties in getting to many ...launch in coming years, many of which will directly benefit studies of the Antarctic. While not exhaustive because of changing plans, some of these are briefly7 KB (1,040 words) - 16:16, 22 August 2014
- ...ng|thumb|'''3.9''' Main climatic events of the last 1 Million years in the Antarctic context]] ...he comparison with sea level proxies.png|thumb|'''3.10''' Accurately dated Antarctic ice-core records and the comparison with sea level proxies (Kawamura et al.35 KB (5,415 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Regional patterns of holocene climate change in Antarctica]]'' ...., Sugden, D.E. and Fink, D. 2007. Cenozoic Landscape Evolution of an East Antarctic Oasis (Radok Lake Area, Northern Prince Charles Mountains), and Its Implica38 KB (5,787 words) - 17:39, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Regional patterns of holocene climate change in Antarctica]]'' ...nsula.png|thumb|'''3.26''' Selected Holocene environmental changes – Antarctic Peninsula]]32 KB (5,127 words) - 17:41, 22 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Regional patterns of holocene climate change in Antarctica]]'' ...e Wright, a high-level Antarctic lake during the LGM and early Holocene, ''Antarctic Science'', '''13''', 53-60.</ref>). The large amount of water in these lake17 KB (2,705 words) - 17:43, 22 August 2014
- ...into account in understanding modern climate and the potential for future climate change. ...Kreutz, K. 2004b. A 700 year record of Southern Hemisphere extra-tropical climate variability, ''Annals of Glaciology'', '''39''', 127-132.</ref>).]]39 KB (5,945 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...nd deformation of subglacial sediments. A recent overview of the status of Antarctic models is provided by Huybrechts (2004<ref name="Huybrechts, 2004">Huybrech33 KB (5,053 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...marine water breathing animals. These relationships lead us to expect that climate warming will have a significant impact on ecosystems at both poles. ...thermal specialization paradigm: compensation for elevated temperatures in Antarctic fish, ''Biol. Lett.'', '''2''', 151-154.</ref>).25 KB (3,817 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...per, 2007">Smith, W. and Asper, V.A. 2007. New Ways to Collect Data in the Antarctic, EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 88, no. 48, 525.</ref>). ...n and alkalinity, trace metals and a host of other parameters important to climate, biogeochemical and ecological studies.17 KB (2,672 words) - 15:50, 6 August 2014
- ...l not last. Over the next century we expect ozone concentrations above the Antarctic to recover, but if greenhouse gas concentrations increase at the present ra ...ent of our present interglacial period and to define the ranges of natural climate and environmental variability on timescales from decades to millennia that48 KB (7,673 words) - 18:27, 22 August 2014
- ...CE Consortium. 2009. Review: Antarctic climate change and the environment, Antarctic Science, 1-23.</ref>). ...ibutors, the 53 national representatives at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change meeting in Copenhagen, five UN agencies, all 35 SCAR National Delega142 KB (22,142 words) - 16:25, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' ...05, doi:10.1029/2004GL019626.</ref>). However, it should be noted that the Antarctic contribution to sea level now is small compared to what it was following th8 KB (1,342 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...005">Bargagli, R. 2005. Antarctic Ecosystems: Environmental Contamination, Climate Change, and Human Impact. Sprnger-Verlag, Berlin, 395 pp.</ref>). ...ance of the “ozone hole” and the rapid regional warming of the Antarctic Peninsula indicate that Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are inextricably38 KB (5,770 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Biological responses to climate change]]'' ...: Lower Tertiary La Meseta Formation, Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctic Research Series, 55, 152 pp.</ref>). Thereafter shallow-marine benthic moll54 KB (8,173 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' #[[Impacts of instrumental period climate change on invertebrates]]657 B (84 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Biological responses to 21st climate climate change]]'' ...Convey, P., Allen, C.S. and Clarke, A.C. 2006. Incursion and excursion of Antarctic biota: past, present and future, ''Global Ecol Biogeogr'', '''15''', 121-149 KB (1,386 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- :''This page is part of the topic [[Biota of the Antarctic]]'' ...ted habitats because of their unusual faunas, which make the waters of the Antarctic shelf comparable to classic evolutionary sites such as the Galapagos.43 KB (6,450 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...rctic Peninsula and potential implications for the Antarctic food web. In: Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for Wider Ecological Understanding. W. Davidson, C. Howa [[Category:Antarctic biology]]2 KB (305 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...nificant impetus towards setting up continuously operating stations in the Antarctic, and over forty were established, of which over a dozen are still operating [[File:Figure 2.1 - Map of Antarctic AWS sites.png|thumb|'''2.1''' Location of automatic weather station (AWS) s59 KB (9,046 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
- ...latively warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) masses close to the edge of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. ...s, N.C., Ivchenko, V.O. and De Cuevas, B.A. 2005. Dynamical budgets of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current using ocean general-circulation models, ''Quart. J. Roy8 KB (1,343 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
