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• Atmospheric chemistry changes over the 21st century
  ...be used for predictions of the future. Instead, coupled Chemistry-Climate Models are used. Those whose results are described below vary in their skill in re '''Table 5.1''' Models whose results appear in Figures 5.11, 5.12 and 5.13; * bromine chemistry no
  27 KB (4,305 words) - 16:22, 6 August 2014
• Atmospheric circulation changes in the instrumental period
  The availability of gridded data from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and reanalyses allows entirely automated methods to be used that can provid
  54 KB (8,177 words) - 13:38, 22 August 2014
• Atmospheric circulation changes over the 21st century
  ...ulti-model study, ''Ocean Sci.'', '''1''', 81-95.</ref>), although in some models a peak at around 7 years is observed (Marshall et al., 2007<ref name="Marsh ...Twentieth century simulation of the Southern Hemisphere climate in coupled models. Part 1: Large scale circulation variability, ''Clim. Dyn.'', '''26''', 217
  29 KB (4,462 words) - 17:11, 22 August 2014
• Attribution of ice sheet changes in the instrumental period
  ...40-year trends similar to those observed are reproduced in global climate models forced by a combination of ozone depletion, and increasing greenhouse gas c ...and of the consequences for inland ice sheet flow are needed to test such models. To attribute the glaciological changes in the Amundsen Sea sector to a par
  13 KB (1,943 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Biological modelling and bioregionalization
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...rona antarctica (Myctophidae, Pisces) in Kerguelen by generalized additive models and geographic information systems, ''Polar Biol.'', '''30''', 951-959.</re
  8 KB (1,225 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Changes in Antarctic snowfall over the past 50 years
  ...ntarctic surface mass balance and systematic biases in general circulation models, ''J. Geophys. Res.'', '''106''', 20653-20664.</ref>), van Lipzig et al. (2 ...meterizations of polar cloud microphysics and precipitation in atmospheric models (Guo et al., 2003<ref name="Guo et al, 2003">Guo, Z., Bromwich, D.H. and Ca
  20 KB (3,125 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Changes in sea ice extent through the Holocene
  ...is debated. In order to improve the incorporation of sea ice into computer models of future climate change it will be essential to use proxy records to repre
  24 KB (3,785 words) - 17:17, 22 August 2014
• Changes to the Terrestrial cryosphere over the next 100 years
  ...radically revise their view of ice sheet sensitivity to climate. Existing models, based primarily on earlier views of the essential governing dynamics of ic ...et, Science, 320, No. 5877, 781-783.</ref>). It must be borne in mind that models disagree over many other details of atmospheric climate change in Antarctic
  26 KB (4,124 words) - 14:04, 22 August 2014
• Concluding remarks on the pre-instrumental period
  ...at have survived through glacial cycles also challenges existing ice sheet models where most of the available habitats are covered at the LGM.
  7 KB (1,082 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Coupled atmosphere-ocean models
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...past and present-day climates. Simulation of present day climates by these models provides a way of rigorously testing their ability to reproduce reality. Su
  13 KB (2,051 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Deglaciation of the continental shelf, coastal margin and continental interior
  ...elf. While the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet (APIS) has, according to some models, been a relatively minor (1-2 m) contributor to post-LGM sea level rise, it
  22 KB (3,430 words) - 13:03, 22 August 2014
• ENSO links and teleconnections to vertebrate life histories and population
  ...004. Southern Ocean sea ice and its wider linkages: insights revealed from models and observations, ''Antarctic Science'', '''16''', 387-400.</ref>). Food we
  15 KB (2,381 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Future developments in Antarctic observation
  ...ched in 2009. Ocean salinity observations will be important to studies and models of the circulation of the Southern Ocean and the role of sea ice. These obs ...hese data are essential for understanding ocean processes and as inputs to models for forecasting future change.
  7 KB (1,040 words) - 16:16, 22 August 2014
• Glacial interglacial cycles
  ...sea ice cover, sea level rise and rising terrestrial carbon storage. Other models have identified the importance of on and off states of the southern overtur
  35 KB (5,415 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Holocene climate change in the Ross Sea region (RS)
  ...in percent derived with Modern Analog Techniques and Generalized Additive Models. Signature legend: (1) concomitant occurrence of cold-water indicator diato
  17 KB (2,705 words) - 17:43, 22 August 2014
• Ice sheet models
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...tion of subglacial sediments. A recent overview of the status of Antarctic models is provided by Huybrechts (2004<ref name="Huybrechts, 2004">Huybrechts, P.
  33 KB (5,053 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Impacts of instrumental period climate change on invertebrates
  ...thermal ectotherms. In: Davison W, Williams CW (Eds) Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for a Wider Understanding, Caxton Press, Christchurch, New Zealand, 109-122 ...al growth rates of Antractic krill (''Euphausia superba''): II: Predictive models based on food, temperature, body length, sex, and maturity stage, ''Limnolo
  25 KB (3,817 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Key points - 2009 version
  ...s their consequences for the biosphere, and shows how the latest numerical models project changes into the future, taking into account human interference in ..., which is sensitive to changes in atmospheric and oceanic conditions. The models can be weighted according to their skill in simulating modern conditions.</
  48 KB (7,673 words) - 18:27, 22 August 2014
• Key points - 2013 version
  ...DRILLing (ANDRILL) project geological records, a feature also simulated by models (Pollard and DeConto, 2009<ref name="Pollard and DeConto, 2009">Pollard, D. ...) points to significant loss of Greenland and Antarctic ice. While climate models are able to capture the patterns of the orbital-driven warming of the Arcti
  142 KB (22,142 words) - 16:25, 6 August 2014
• Long term sea level change in the instrumental period
  ...pointed out by Milne (2009<ref name="Milne, 2009">Milne, G.A. 2009. Using models to inform the field community: Far-field sea level data applications, PAGES
  8 KB (1,342 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014