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• Ocean change over the next 100 years
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...rvations and between different models. In particular, the transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) through Drake Passage simulated by those models r
  33 KB (5,321 words) - 15:57, 22 August 2014
• Ocean models of the Southern Ocean
  ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...ace and near surface layers. Detailed studies of density currents, the sea ice field and other key regions provide further local checks on model performan
  37 KB (5,859 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Pathways of research in cold-adapted organisms and climate change
  ...d Smith, R.C. 2007. Climate change and the marine ecosystem of the western Antarctic Peninsula, ''Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B'', '''362''', 149-166.</ref>). ...sses relevant to life on Earth. Key questions include: &ldquo;How well are Antarctic organisms able to cope with daily, seasonal and longer-term environmental c
  25 KB (3,663 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Precipitation changes over the 21st century
  ...ount for resolving the uncertainty surrounding the future of the Antarctic ice sheet. ...snow hill is also associated with Byrd&rsquo;s former station on the Ross Ice Shelf).
  18 KB (2,723 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Prospects for marine invasions by non-indigenous species
  ...ove &ndash; except in the case of large mammals from small islands. In the sea, though, there is not a single case of an invading NIS being successfully r ...wn S.L. 2007. Mytilus on the move: transport of an invasive bivalve to the Antarctic, ''Mar. Ecol Progr. Ser.'', '''339''', 307-310.</ref>) found that mussels (
  13 KB (2,063 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Recommendations
  ...mospheric and oceanic circulation around Antarctica, and the volume of the ice sheets, interact and influence climate at a global scale. Although a great ...uplication. Other recommendations can be found in [[Future developments in Antarctic observation]], on specific observing system requirements, and in [[Concludi
  14 KB (2,069 words) - 16:14, 22 August 2014
• Regional climate models
  ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...rize processes that occur on a subgrid scale &ndash; like the scale of the Antarctic Peninsula. While the spatial resolution of GCMs will increase, their capabi
  5 KB (833 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Regional patterns of holocene climate change in Antarctica
  ...d Evans, J. 2009. Mechanisms of Holocene palaeoenvironmental change in the Antarctic Peninsula region, ''The Holocene'', '''19''', 51-69.</ref>), the role of va ...story of the Antarctic Peninsula since the Last Glacial Maximum, Arctic, ''Antarctic and Alpine Research'', '''35''', 175-186.</ref>).
  10 KB (1,543 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Ross Sea shelf waters in the instrumental period
  ...tal Shelf. In: Eds G. Spezie and G.M.R. Manzella, Oceanography of the Ross Sea Antarctica, Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano, 3-16.</ref>). ...nd S.S. Jacobs (1994) Temporal changes in shelf water of the southern Ross Sea, ''Antarct. J. of the U.S.'', '''29'''(5), 123-124.</ref>) noted that salin
  8 KB (1,297 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Satellite observations of the Southern Ocean
  ...erometers, infra-red and microwave sensors for sea-surface temperature and ice extent and visible-wavelength radiometers for ocean colour. Ensuring their ==Sea Surface Temperature==
  20 KB (3,084 words) - 15:57, 6 August 2014
• Sea ice biological and physical modeling
  ...rt of the topic [[Models of the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic]]'' ...arrison, 1991<ref name="Garrison, 1991">Garrison, D.L. 1991. Antarctic sea ice biota, ''Am. Zool.'', '''31''', 17-33.</ref>).
  18 KB (2,786 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Sea ice change over the 21st century
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change over the next 100 years]]'' ...aluation of the simulation of the annual cycle of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice coverages by 11 major global climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, doi:10.
  4 KB (684 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Sea ice ecosystems in the instrumental period
  ...only factor because the krill decline began before the retreat of the sea ice. [[Category:Antarctic biology]]
  2 KB (306 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Sea ice observations
  ...1972">Mackintosh, N.A. 1972. Life cycle of Antarctic krill in relation to ice and water conditions, ''Discovery Reports'', '''36''', 1-94.</ref>). ...n many quarters and cannot be regarded as proof of a major decrease in sea ice extent between the 1940s and 1970s.
  18 KB (2,972 words) - 17:53, 22 August 2014
• Sea ice over the last million years
  ...rosta, X., Sturm, A., Armand, L. and Pichon, J.J. 2004. Late Qaternary sea ice history in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean as record by diatom asse ==Sea ice extent==
  13 KB (2,050 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Sea level observations
  ==Monitoring sea level== ...mentally hostile areas to the same standard as is possible elsewhere. Most sea level measurements during the 19^th and 20^th centuries
  11 KB (1,784 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Small-scale processes in the Southern Ocean
  ...orison, J.H. and Nilsen, F. 2008. Revisiting heat and salt exchange at the ice-ocean interface: Ocean flux and modelling considerations, ''Journal of Geop ...Wolff, J.-O. 2004. The dynamical balance, transport and circulation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, ''Antarct. Sci.'', '''16''', 439-470.</ref>) for two r
  18 KB (2,816 words) - 15:33, 6 August 2014
• Temperature changes in the instrumental period
  :''This page is part of the topic [[Antarctic climate and environment change in the instrumental period]]'' ...a, including the ''in-situ'' observations, satellite infra-red imagery and ice core isotope measurements. In order to get a reasonable estimate of trends
  30 KB (4,676 words) - 18:04, 22 August 2014
• Temperature changes over the 21st century
  ...irdle et al, 2008">Bracegirdle, T.J., Connolley, W.M. and Turner, J. 2008. Antarctic climate change over the Twenty First Century, Journal of Geophysical Resear ...irdle et al, 2008">Bracegirdle, T.J., Connolley, W.M. and Turner, J. 2008. Antarctic climate change over the Twenty First Century, Journal of Geophysical Resear
  8 KB (1,217 words) - 15:34, 6 August 2014
• Terrestrial biological responses to climate change
  ...). Exceptions to this generalization are provided first by the continental Antarctic &lsquo;Dry Valleys&rsquo; of Victoria Land, providing several thousand squa ...ity as the LGM approached, leaving only continental taxa, and that the sub-Antarctic taxa have not yet returned to the lakes post LGM.
  21 KB (3,069 words) - 18:14, 22 August 2014